Dr.B.Mohammad Rafee M.A.M.Phil.,Ph.D. Researcher, Pedagogue Ph:+918951163373,9159615573 Email:basharafee@gmail.com Web:www.mohammad-rafee.blogspot.com
Thursday, January 14, 2010
Tourist & Historical Places in Delhi
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 Qutub Minar About 15 km south of Delhi, in Mehrauli, this 238 feet and 1 inch high Minar has been referred to as "one of the wonders of world". This soaring tower of victory was built immediately after the defeat of the last Hindu Kingdom in Delhi. Qutb-ud-din Aibak laid its foundation in 1200 A.D. Iltutmish added three more storeys. After damaged by lightning in 1368 A.D. Firuz Shah Tughlaq rebuilt the fourth story, added the fifth and a harp shaped cupola. A doorway in each storey opens to its own balcony. As of now, upper storeys are closed for visitors, yet its a treat to watch this magnificent travelmasti monument. Quwwat-ul-Islam Masjid, Iron Pillar and Alai Gateway are worth having a look. Iron Pillar This is age old pillar standing in the courtyard of Quwwat-ul-Isam mosque has withstood the test of time (weather) for over 1500 years. This 2 ft high Pillar is a solid shaft of wrought iron and as per a Sanskrit inscription was erected outside a Vishnu temple, possibly in Bihar in the memory of the Gupta King Chandragupta II Vikramaditya (375-413 A.D.). It is said that if someone standing with his/her back to pillar encircle it with his/her arms, his/her wish will be granted. Red Fort Built in almost 20 years (1639-1648), by the Mughal monarch Shahjahan, who shifted his capital from Agra to Delhi had a great significance in historical delhi. Built at a cost of Rs 100 lakhs, this imposing building in redstone has its walls that vary in height from 18 m on river (Yamuna) side to 33 m on the city side. Of the two gates, Lahore Gate and Delhi Gate, the former facing the Chandni Chowk is more imposing. The Lahore Gate faces to Lahore (now in Pakistan) and gives access to Chhatta Chowk (the vaulted arcade). Of the prime attractions in the fort are Diwan-i-Am (the Hall of Public Audiences), Diwan-I-Khas (the Hall of Private Audiences), Royal Baths, Shahi Burj, Moti Masjid (built by Aurangzeb in 1659), Khas Mahal, Rang Mahal, Mumtaz Mahal and Svatantrata Sangram Sangrahalaya. It was in the Diwan-i-Am, wherein a marble dias is said to have supported the famous Peacock throne of Shahajahan which was valued at some six million sterling and alas (!) was taken away by Nadir Shah when he looted Delhi in 1739. Do check about the timings of a Sound and Light show, held every evening. India Gate (All India War Memorial) This 42 metre high, free standing arch, designed by Lutyens and founded on February 10 1921 by the Duke of Connaught, commemorates the 70,000 Indian soldiers who died during World War I. "Amar Jawan Jyoti", another memorial, added under the arch in 1971 is the nation's tribute to Indian Jawans, who laid their lives during Indo-Pak War of 1971. The names of the demised soul (soldiers) are inscribed all along the walls of the arch. Old Fort (Purana Qila)Historical Places Constructed on the historical site of Indraprastha by Mughal emperor Humayun and Sher Shah, the fort has a circuit of about a mile. Rectangular in shape, it houses the famous Sher Mandal and Qila-i-Kohna Mosque, built by Sher Shah. Earlier, it was Humayun (1538-1545) who rebuilt Indraprastha and renamed it as Dinpanalh, while Sher Shah who had defeated Humayun named it Shergarh. Sher Mandal, a two storeyed octagonal tower was used by Humayun as library, from where he slipped from its steep stairs and died. Among other attractions are a small archaeological museum, a zoo and a sound and light show held every evening. Jantar Mantar Of the five astronomical observatories built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II of Jaipur (1699-1743), Jantar Mantar, at Delhi is one of them. (Others were erected at Ujjain, Varanasi, Jaipur and Mathura) Built in 1724, it contains six masonary instruments, the largest one Samrat Yantra (Supreme Instrument) is like a sun dial. Built for observing the movements of the stars and the planets, through these Yantras one can known about the shortest and the longest day of the year, days of the week, months, time and other astronomical data. Humayun's Tomb Built in 1565 AD by Haji Begum, the Persian born senior wife of Humayun, this tomb is an important landmark in the history of Indian architecture. Its uniqueness lies in the introduction of certain Persian features, viz the bulbous double dome and surrounding formal gardens. Held as "an Indian interpretation of a Persian conception", this tomb is the general dormitory of so many distinguished personalities of the Mughal dynasty, like Haji Begum, trunk of Dara Shikoh (Shahjahan's son) emperor Jahandar Shah and Frarruksiyar as well as Humayun's barber. Birla House It's the place where Mahatma Gandhi was assasinated on January 30,1948. A three foot tall stone memorial has been erected at the site. Moreover, Delete scenes from the Mahatma's life have been painted on the walls and ceilings of the nearby red sandstone portion. Parliament House Designed by Sir Herbert Baker, its foundation was laid by the Duke of Connaught in 1921 and completed in just five years. Located near the Central Secretariat, this marvellous piece of architecture can be admired only from outside due to security reasons. With a diameter of 125 yards and a height of 75 ft. Siri The city of Siri was founded by Ala-ud-din Khilji in 1304. Located about 5 km to the north of Qutab Minar, the city is in complete ruins now. However even the remains of few ancient structures and a Baradari in Shahpur Jat is worth having a look. Tughluqabad Lying at a distance of about 8 km from Qutab Minar, this third city of Delhi was the site for Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq's (1320) capital, Tughlaqabad. The fort with 13 gateways is located on one of the highest spins of the Ridge. One of the most remarkable ruins in Delhi it has a circuit of about four miles, and is noted for its massive grandeur and sturdy vigour. Jama Masjid The largest mosque in India, was built by the great Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. Begun in 1644 and completed finally in 1658 at a cost of ten lakhs of rupees, it has three gateways, four angle towers and two 40 m high minarets. Situated on a rocky eminence in Old Delhi on the other side of road to the Red Fort. One of the finest Specimen of Mughal structure, its notable features are its bold treatment in red sandstone inlaid with black and white marble, spacious courts, massive pillars supporting engrailled arches, elegant bulbous domes - all well proportioned with decorative manipulation. Spend some time here for some serious travelmasti pleasures. Alai Darwaza The main entrance to the Qutab Minar complex, the Alai Darwaza, was built of red sandstone, by Ala-ud-din Khilji in 1311 A.D. at the southern gate. Considered as a gem of Indo-Islamic structure, this structure made of red sandstone and marble was considered as 'the most beautiful specimen of Pathan architecture' by Commingham. Ashok Pillars Firuz Shah Tughlaq brought two Ashokan Pillars from Topara (near Ambala) and Meerut. One was installed at the Firuz Shah Kotla and the other at the ridge. The one at the ridge was broken and then restored and reinstalled on the ridge near the Hindu Rao Hospital. Amir Khusro's Tomb One of the most famous poet of Sufi tradition, Khusro lies buried here in the Dargah of Nizamuddin Auliya. Quwwalis and mushairas are held on his annual urs or celebration of death. Music and literature quite dear to Khusro, constitute the most significant feature of his urs that attracts hordes. Dargah of Nizam-ud-din Auliya Visited by lakhs of devout pilgrims, the Dargah contains a fine mosque known as Khizan Mosque (a landmark of early Indo-Muslim architectural peculiarities of the Khiljis and Tughlaqs. This Dargah of Nizam-ud-din, fourth in line of the Chisti saints of which Khawaja Muin-ud-din Chisti of Ajmer was the founder, has in its precincts buried famous men and women, including Ghalib, Amir Khusro, Jahanara Begum (daughter of Shahjahan) and emperor Muhammad Shjah. Dargah of Khwaja Qutab-ud-din Bakhtiyar Kaki A disciple of Khwaja Chisti of Ajmer, a great Chisti saint of India and a contemporary of Iltutmish, lies buried Bakhtiya Kaki near Qutab Minar in Mehrauli. This structure, the oldest in Delhi and located near the Qutab Minar, was a favourite with later Mughal emperors as their resting place. Phoolwalon ki Sair is a great occasion to be here for travelmasti. Ghalib's Tomb & Academy Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib the legendary Urdu poet of Delhi lies buried in a superbly chiselled marble tomb. Designed by the famous architect of Hyderabad. Nawab Jang Bahadur, this tomb is located in Nizamuddin area. In 1969, a Ghalib Academy was established nearby, to perpetuate his memory and works. Firoz Shah Kotla Firoz Shah Tughlaq, founded the city of Firuzabad, the fifth city of Delhi, in 1354 AD. It's ruins still remain. Originally, it contained eight mosques, three palaces, a hunting box and several inns. However, not much is left now, except some palace walls, remains of a mosque Jama Masjid and the Ashoka Pillar brought from Topara (Ambala). Rest of the ruins were used for the construction of later cities. Central Secretariat Designed by Herbert Baker and completed in 1929-30, the north and south Secretariat buildings on the either side of Rajpath are among the greatest office buildings in the world. Each block is surrounded by a dome which is 217 ft. high from the lowest level. Housing the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of External Affairs, these buildings have the best features of modern English School of Architecture as well as more delicate of the traditional Indian forms. Lodhi Tomb (Lodhi Gardens) The tombs of Sikandar Lodhi and some others, viz Mohammad Shah (1450). Mubarak Shah (1433) and Ibrahim Lodhi (1526), are located here. The architecture visible here is simple and anstere. Among the other attractions are well kept gardens, Shish Gumbad and Bara Gumbad. The latter was built by Sikander Shah Lodhi in 1494 A.D. and is noted for its lofty dome. Mughal Gardens The Mughal Gardens of Rashtrapati Bhawan are a treat for the eyes and open to the public during certain periods of the year. Designed by W R Mustoe, its a fine blend of Mughal and English styles. Small flowering trees, ornamental trees, intricate system of fountains, water channels and tanks are the special features of the garden. Rashtrapati Bhawan About 400 yards behind the Central Secretariat building lies Lutyen's magisterial Indo-Baroque Rashtrapati Bhavan. Occupying a prominent position opposite the India Gate, this majestic palace once was Viceroy's Palace, but is now the official residence of India's President. Designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens and completed in 1923, it has an area of over 2,10,430 sq ft. One of the largest palaces of the world, it is noted for its courts, stairways and apartments, a Great Durbar Hall and a magnificent dome. With 340 rooms, this structure costed over eight million pounds and can be visited only by special permission. |
Historical Delhi
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According to mythology - specifically the religious epic Mahabharata, Delhi in 1450 BC was the seat of Pandavas and was then known as Indraprastha. Delhi's early history can be traced back to the Maurya and Gupta period of rule in the 7th century AD. Majority of Delhi's historic monuments were built between 10th and 18th century that are now the popular tourist destinations in Delhi and a reminder of Delhi's Muslim past.
With Aurangzeb gone, the Mughal Empire showed cracks and slowly began to crumble. Simultaneously, the East India Company was gaining control of Indian trade routes and was entering into strategic alliances with independent princely states. The 19th century saw the establishment of British rule in India. British then shifted their capital from Calcutta to Delhi and thus New Delhi as we see around us, came to be. Lutyens designed the buildings that are still in active use by the government and form major tourist attractions in Delhi.Job interviewing Tips And Job interviewing Dressing Tips.
Job interviewing never seems to get any easier - even when you have gone on more interviews than you can count. You are meeting new people, selling yourself and your skills, and often getting the third degree about what you know or don't know. Here are job interview tips to help prepare you to interview effectively. Proper preparation which help alleviate some of the stress involved in job interviews.
* Be prepared
Learn as much as you can about Ernst & Young, who we are, our services and our strategic direction. Make sure you can articulate how your strengths and career goals align with ours, and why you think you’ll succeed in our organization.
* Be proactive
Prepare a list of questions to ask your interviewer(s) so you can assess whether Ernst & Young is the right place to launch your career. Ask us questions about our organization, our clients, the opportunities we can offer you and what you can expect from us.
* Be yourself
Try to relax and remember that we’re interested in the real you. When preparing, it’s helpful to think about how you’d like to communicate certain points but avoid over-rehearsing, as it may come across as impersonal.
* Be professional
Take pride in your presentation. We will be looking for professionalism in how you dress, how you speak and what you tell us about yourself.
* Be punctual
Arrive at least five minutes early and if – for reasons out of your control – you’re running late, call your interviewer and explain why.
Be On Time
Be on time for the interview. On time means five to ten minutes early. If need be, take some time to drive to the office ahead of time so you know exactly where you are going and how long it will take to get there.
Stay Calm
During the job interview try to relax and stay as calm possible. Take a moment to regroup. Maintain eye contact with the interviewer. Listen to the entire question before you answer and pay attention - you will be embarrassed if you forget the question!
Show What You Know
Try to relate what you know about the company when answering questions. When discussing your career accomplishments match them to what the company is looking for.
Follow Up
Always follow-up with a thank you note reiterating your interest in the position. If you interview with multiple people send each one a thank you note.
More Job Interview Tips
Tips for phone interviews, second interviews, lunch and dinner interviews, behavioral interviews, interviewing in public, and more advice for interview success.
Call the receptionist or secretary at the prospective employer's office for tips on what employees there wear.
Consider the job's location. If it's a library in a strip mall, you can wear a sweater and slacks. At a corporate office, wear a conservative business suit. A pantsuit with a sweater or blouse is appropriate for an informal office.
Choose between closed-toe shoes, pumps and loafers. If you are wearing a skirt, nylons are a must.
Avoid miniskirts, tight sweaters, sloppy overalls and sandals with straps.
Check your outfit for holes, tears, stains, scuffs or wrinkles.
Tone down the use of makeup, hair spray, perfume and jewelry. One nose ring is one too many and may cost you the job of your dreams.
Inspect your hair, nails, hems and the shine on your shoes.
Wear a silk scarf and carry a nice briefcase or portfolio. Leave the oversized, disorganized handbag at home.
* Be prepared
Learn as much as you can about Ernst & Young, who we are, our services and our strategic direction. Make sure you can articulate how your strengths and career goals align with ours, and why you think you’ll succeed in our organization.
* Be proactive
Prepare a list of questions to ask your interviewer(s) so you can assess whether Ernst & Young is the right place to launch your career. Ask us questions about our organization, our clients, the opportunities we can offer you and what you can expect from us.
* Be yourself
Try to relax and remember that we’re interested in the real you. When preparing, it’s helpful to think about how you’d like to communicate certain points but avoid over-rehearsing, as it may come across as impersonal.
* Be professional
Take pride in your presentation. We will be looking for professionalism in how you dress, how you speak and what you tell us about yourself.
* Be punctual
Arrive at least five minutes early and if – for reasons out of your control – you’re running late, call your interviewer and explain why.
Be On Time
Be on time for the interview. On time means five to ten minutes early. If need be, take some time to drive to the office ahead of time so you know exactly where you are going and how long it will take to get there.
Stay Calm
During the job interview try to relax and stay as calm possible. Take a moment to regroup. Maintain eye contact with the interviewer. Listen to the entire question before you answer and pay attention - you will be embarrassed if you forget the question!
Show What You Know
Try to relate what you know about the company when answering questions. When discussing your career accomplishments match them to what the company is looking for.
Follow Up
Always follow-up with a thank you note reiterating your interest in the position. If you interview with multiple people send each one a thank you note.
More Job Interview Tips
Tips for phone interviews, second interviews, lunch and dinner interviews, behavioral interviews, interviewing in public, and more advice for interview success.
Consider the job's location. If it's a library in a strip mall, you can wear a sweater and slacks. At a corporate office, wear a conservative business suit. A pantsuit with a sweater or blouse is appropriate for an informal office.
Choose between closed-toe shoes, pumps and loafers. If you are wearing a skirt, nylons are a must.
Avoid miniskirts, tight sweaters, sloppy overalls and sandals with straps.
Check your outfit for holes, tears, stains, scuffs or wrinkles.
Tone down the use of makeup, hair spray, perfume and jewelry. One nose ring is one too many and may cost you the job of your dreams.
Inspect your hair, nails, hems and the shine on your shoes.
Wear a silk scarf and carry a nice briefcase or portfolio. Leave the oversized, disorganized handbag at home.
Tuesday, January 12, 2010
Oil dips to below $82 per barrel
Singapore : Oil slid further to below $82 a barrel on Tuesday from 15-month highs a day earlier, as forecasts showing milder temperatures in the US Northeast signaled lower fuel consumption in the world's largest heating oil market.
Icy weather in the United States so far had drawn down US inventories of distillates, including heating oil. Stocks fell by 1.7 million barrels last week, a Reuters survey showed, their fifth-straight weekly drop.
US crude for February delivery fell 68 cents to $81.84 a barrel at 0347 GMT, after hitting $83.95 on Monday, the highest intraday level since October 2008.
London Brent crude fell 57 cents to $80.40 a barrel.
"The market got a little bit ahead of itself after it broke $82 a barrel quite easily," said Tony Nunan, a risk manager with Tokyo-based Mitsubishi Corp.
"With the February contract going off the board next week, we will soon be looking ahead to the end of the winter. Refineries should be going back into maintenance soon in preparation for the gasoline season."
US Northeast temperatures were expected to average below normal through Wednesday, then average near to above normal through Friday, with the six- to 10-day forecast for near to above normal, according to DTN Meteorlogix.
Along with this, US heating oil demand was forecast to be normal this week, after surging to 12 per cent above normal last week, the National Weather Service said.
Refiners are also limiting their intake of crude, aiming to reduce a glut in oil products that has prevailed for more than a year despite the recent freeze.
The Reuters poll found that crude oil inventories rose 1.0 million barrels for their second consecutive week of gains. US gasoline supplies also probably climbed 900,000 barrels, ahead of data from industry group American Petroleum Institute (API) at 2130 GMT on Tuesday.
Data from the US government's Energy Information Administration (EIA) will be released on Wednesday.
US and global oil demand will increase in 2010 and 2011, but the growth rate in petroleum consumption will not be as strong as in years past, according to advance details provided to Reuters on a US government monthly energy supply and demand forecast.
The EIA expects the US economy to grow about 2 per cent this year and nearly 2.7 per cent next year, leading to higher demand for oil.
Some support came from tensions in Nigeria's main oil-producing region, which have removed supplies from the market.
Chevron said on Saturday it had been forced to... shut down 20,000 barrels per day (bpd) of crude production in Nigeria, a day after security sources said gunmen had attacked a pipeline operated by the US firm.
"The situation in Nigeria has not improved that much and it is a matter of time before it becomes a problem again," Nunan said.
"We have had a year of reprieve from these geopolitical issues because the collapse in demand had created a cushion of supplies, but now that the economy looks like it will stabilize and return to growth this year, geopolitics is back in the market."
Saudi Arabia, the world's top oil exporter, will keep crude supply to major Asian, European and US buyers largely steady in February, as the kingdom sticks to OPEC supply cuts, industry sources said
Icy weather in the United States so far had drawn down US inventories of distillates, including heating oil. Stocks fell by 1.7 million barrels last week, a Reuters survey showed, their fifth-straight weekly drop.
US crude for February delivery fell 68 cents to $81.84 a barrel at 0347 GMT, after hitting $83.95 on Monday, the highest intraday level since October 2008.
London Brent crude fell 57 cents to $80.40 a barrel.
"The market got a little bit ahead of itself after it broke $82 a barrel quite easily," said Tony Nunan, a risk manager with Tokyo-based Mitsubishi Corp.
"With the February contract going off the board next week, we will soon be looking ahead to the end of the winter. Refineries should be going back into maintenance soon in preparation for the gasoline season."
US Northeast temperatures were expected to average below normal through Wednesday, then average near to above normal through Friday, with the six- to 10-day forecast for near to above normal, according to DTN Meteorlogix.
Along with this, US heating oil demand was forecast to be normal this week, after surging to 12 per cent above normal last week, the National Weather Service said.
Refiners are also limiting their intake of crude, aiming to reduce a glut in oil products that has prevailed for more than a year despite the recent freeze.
The Reuters poll found that crude oil inventories rose 1.0 million barrels for their second consecutive week of gains. US gasoline supplies also probably climbed 900,000 barrels, ahead of data from industry group American Petroleum Institute (API) at 2130 GMT on Tuesday.
Data from the US government's Energy Information Administration (EIA) will be released on Wednesday.
US and global oil demand will increase in 2010 and 2011, but the growth rate in petroleum consumption will not be as strong as in years past, according to advance details provided to Reuters on a US government monthly energy supply and demand forecast.
The EIA expects the US economy to grow about 2 per cent this year and nearly 2.7 per cent next year, leading to higher demand for oil.
Some support came from tensions in Nigeria's main oil-producing region, which have removed supplies from the market.
Chevron said on Saturday it had been forced to... shut down 20,000 barrels per day (bpd) of crude production in Nigeria, a day after security sources said gunmen had attacked a pipeline operated by the US firm.
"The situation in Nigeria has not improved that much and it is a matter of time before it becomes a problem again," Nunan said.
"We have had a year of reprieve from these geopolitical issues because the collapse in demand had created a cushion of supplies, but now that the economy looks like it will stabilize and return to growth this year, geopolitics is back in the market."
Saudi Arabia, the world's top oil exporter, will keep crude supply to major Asian, European and US buyers largely steady in February, as the kingdom sticks to OPEC supply cuts, industry sources said
Rupee slips to 45.50 against dollar
Mumbai: The rupee depreciated by 16 paise to 45.50 a dollar in early trade as the US currency strengthened against major world currencies.
At the Interbank Foreign Exchange (Forex) market, the rupee fell by 16 paise to 45.50 a dollar. The rupee had rallied by 42 paise to close at a 16-month high of 45.34 yesterday on heavy selling of US currency by exporters.
Dealers said dollar's gains against other Asian currencies, mainly weighed on the Indian rupee's sentiment.
Meanwhile, the Bombay Stock Exchange index Sensex rose by over 67 points, or 0.38 per cent, to 17,594.04 points in opening trade on Tuesday.
At the Interbank Foreign Exchange (Forex) market, the rupee fell by 16 paise to 45.50 a dollar. The rupee had rallied by 42 paise to close at a 16-month high of 45.34 yesterday on heavy selling of US currency by exporters.
Dealers said dollar's gains against other Asian currencies, mainly weighed on the Indian rupee's sentiment.
Meanwhile, the Bombay Stock Exchange index Sensex rose by over 67 points, or 0.38 per cent, to 17,594.04 points in opening trade on Tuesday.
Tuesday, January 5, 2010
Rupee starts 2010 lower; seen in a range
Mumbai : The rupee opened 2010 on a slightly bearish note on Friday on the back of the dollar's gains against major currencies in New York trade and residual month-end demand for the US unit from refiners and importers.
With Asian markets and the local stock market shut, trading is expected to be muted.
At 9:04 a.m. the partially convertible rupee was at 46.61/62 per dollar, weaker than 46.53/54 at close on Thursday.
The dollar rose to its highest level in more than three months against the yen on Thursday after data showed US jobless claims fell to their lowest since mid-2008, affirming optimism about the economy.
Oil is India's biggest import and refiners are the largest buyers of dollars in the domestic currency market.
With Asian markets and the local stock market shut, trading is expected to be muted.
At 9:04 a.m. the partially convertible rupee was at 46.61/62 per dollar, weaker than 46.53/54 at close on Thursday.
The dollar rose to its highest level in more than three months against the yen on Thursday after data showed US jobless claims fell to their lowest since mid-2008, affirming optimism about the economy.
What will oil do in 2010?
The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (Opec) met on December 22 in Angola and decided to adhere to their production quota over the next few months. This was against the backdrop of a huge stockpile, which is taking time to get exhausted. Although the American investment banker Goldman Sachs and the International Energy Agency (IEA) chief Nobuo Tanaka perceive an uptick in crude demand in 2010, Opec, in its latest oil market report underscored a more balanced outlook, driven by concerns that surplus oil will weigh considerably on price, at least during the first half of the coming year. The report says,
“A more detailed look at the supply/demand balance indicates that fundamentals will continue to be weak in the first half of the year before improving in the second half, as reflected in the demand for Opec crude.”
“A more detailed look at the supply/demand balance indicates that fundamentals will continue to be weak in the first half of the year before improving in the second half, as reflected in the demand for Opec crude.”
Rupee at 46.25/dollar, new 1-month high
Mumbai: The Indian rupee rose to fresh one-month highs on Tuesday morning backed by near 1 per cent gains in domestic shares and tracking higher regional peers.
At 9:07 a.m. the partially convertible rupee was at 46.25/26 per dollar, above its close of 46.29/30 on Monday. In early deals, the rupee rose to 46.22, its highest since Dec. 4.
In 2009, foreign portfolio buying of domestic stocks that totalled more than $17 billion helped the rupee rise 12 per cent from a record low of 52.2 in early March. The rupee gained 4.7 per cent for the year as a whole.
Most regional currencies were stronger compared to the dollar on Tuesday. The dollar index against six major currencies was down 0.2 per cent.
Sensex rose 0.9 per cent in early deals on Tuesday, led by Reliance Industries and banks, taking cues from the gains in global markets.
At 9:07 a.m. the partially convertible rupee was at 46.25/26 per dollar, above its close of 46.29/30 on Monday. In early deals, the rupee rose to 46.22, its highest since Dec. 4.
In 2009, foreign portfolio buying of domestic stocks that totalled more than $17 billion helped the rupee rise 12 per cent from a record low of 52.2 in early March. The rupee gained 4.7 per cent for the year as a whole.
Most regional currencies were stronger compared to the dollar on Tuesday. The dollar index against six major currencies was down 0.2 per cent.
Sensex rose 0.9 per cent in early deals on Tuesday, led by Reliance Industries and banks, taking cues from the gains in global markets.
Oil nears $82 in 9th day of gains
Singapore: Oil edged up toward $82 a barrel on Tuesday, heading for its ninth straight session of gains as a cold snap in the key consuming regions of the United States and Europe boosted demand for heating fuel.
A slew of US data -- November factory orders later in the day, besides jobless claims and employment numbers later in the week -- will offer clues on the health of the economy and demand outlook from the world's top oil consumer.
Markets are also keeping an eye on an oil pricing dispute between Russia and Belarus that briefly cut off supplies to the Eastern European nation. Russia on Monday said it had resumed supplies to refineries in Belarus, but tension still simmers.
Weekly US oil inventory data from the American Petroleum Institute (API) due later on Tuesday and the Energy Information Administration (EIA) due on Wednesday are also expected to be mildly price supportive.
US crude for February delivery rose 20 cents to $81.71 a barrel by 0550 GMT, off a morning high of $81.89 and after settling up $2.15 at $81.51 on Monday, its highest close since October 9, 2008.
London Brent crude climbed 25 cents to $80.37.
"Oil is very well supported due to colder weather in the northern hemisphere markets, and it looks like the bullish bias is here to stay for now," said Tony Nunan, a risk manager with Tokyo-based Mitsubishi Corp.
"We're also seeing new money coming in on the long side, taking fresh positions for the new year."
Frigid temperatures were expected to boost US heating demand to 21 per cent above normal, with consumption in the US northeast -- the largest heating oil market -- seen 11 per cent above average levels.
Unusually cold weather in Britain is expected to continue into the second half of January after the coldest December since 1995, while colder temperatures in Europe were seen gradually spreading from the northeast to the southwest during the next few days.
Heavy snows and biting cold also hit parts of Asia on Monday, with unusually harsh winter weather snarling transport across north China, South Korea and India.
Oil also got a boost from a weak dollar. The greenback steadied on Tuesday, keeping broad losses made the previous day, as growing hopes for a global economic recovery spurred investors to shift funds to riskier assets from the greenback.
US economic data due this week will likely show that a patchy recovery is already underway in the.world's largest economy. At 1500 GMT, the Commerce Department will release November factory orders, which are expected to rise 0.5 per cent compared with a 0.6 per cent gain in the prior month. At 2130 GMT, API data is forecast to show a 1.9 million barrel drawdown last week in distillate stocks, which include heating oil and diesel fuel, while crude stocks were seen unchanged and gasoline supplies higher....
A slew of US data -- November factory orders later in the day, besides jobless claims and employment numbers later in the week -- will offer clues on the health of the economy and demand outlook from the world's top oil consumer.
Markets are also keeping an eye on an oil pricing dispute between Russia and Belarus that briefly cut off supplies to the Eastern European nation. Russia on Monday said it had resumed supplies to refineries in Belarus, but tension still simmers.
Weekly US oil inventory data from the American Petroleum Institute (API) due later on Tuesday and the Energy Information Administration (EIA) due on Wednesday are also expected to be mildly price supportive.
US crude for February delivery rose 20 cents to $81.71 a barrel by 0550 GMT, off a morning high of $81.89 and after settling up $2.15 at $81.51 on Monday, its highest close since October 9, 2008.
London Brent crude climbed 25 cents to $80.37.
"Oil is very well supported due to colder weather in the northern hemisphere markets, and it looks like the bullish bias is here to stay for now," said Tony Nunan, a risk manager with Tokyo-based Mitsubishi Corp.
"We're also seeing new money coming in on the long side, taking fresh positions for the new year."
Frigid temperatures were expected to boost US heating demand to 21 per cent above normal, with consumption in the US northeast -- the largest heating oil market -- seen 11 per cent above average levels.
Unusually cold weather in Britain is expected to continue into the second half of January after the coldest December since 1995, while colder temperatures in Europe were seen gradually spreading from the northeast to the southwest during the next few days.
Heavy snows and biting cold also hit parts of Asia on Monday, with unusually harsh winter weather snarling transport across north China, South Korea and India.
Oil also got a boost from a weak dollar. The greenback steadied on Tuesday, keeping broad losses made the previous day, as growing hopes for a global economic recovery spurred investors to shift funds to riskier assets from the greenback.
US economic data due this week will likely show that a patchy recovery is already underway in the.world's largest economy. At 1500 GMT, the Commerce Department will release November factory orders, which are expected to rise 0.5 per cent compared with a 0.6 per cent gain in the prior month. At 2130 GMT, API data is forecast to show a 1.9 million barrel drawdown last week in distillate stocks, which include heating oil and diesel fuel, while crude stocks were seen unchanged and gasoline supplies higher....
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