INDIAN CONSTITUTION-III BCA

Expected Questions: Indian Constitution-III BCA
Part-I
1.The consititutent assembly was set up under the:
Ans: Cabinet Mission plan, 1946
2.The constitutional assembly was consitituted on
Ans : 6th December, 1946
3.Demand for a constitution, framed by a consitutent assembly was made by:
Ans : M.K.Gandhi
4. which one of the following reflects the philosophy of the framers of the constitution:
Ans : Preamble
5.The preamble was amended by :
Ans: 42nd Amendament
6. How many articles were there originally in the Indian constitution:
Ans : 395 Articles
7.The Indian constitution is :
Ans: Wholly written
8.India is a :
Ans : Secular state
9.The constitution of india provides for fundamental rights in :
Ans : Part III
10. Constitution of india gurantees How many fundamental rights:
Ans : 6
11.Right to constitutional remedies is obtained in:
Ans : Article 32
12.Who was the permanent chairman of constituent assembly?
Ans: Dr. Rajendra Prasad
13. The concept of Secular state implies:
Ans: Neutrality of religion
14. The date of commencement of Indian constitution is:
Ans : 26th January
15.Who was the Lega advisor to constitutent assembly?
Ans: B.N Rao
16. The procedure of amendament to the constitution is taken from the constitution of :
Ans: USA
17. India has been described under article 1 of the constitution as :
Ans : Union of states
18.As Indian constitution came in to force on 26.01.1950, this day is celebrated as
Ans : Republic day
19. The final Interpreter of Indian constitution is:
Ans: supreme Court.
20. Which state has a separate constitution?
Ans : jammu and kashmir
21. Which article empowers the parliament can amend the indian constitution?
Ans: article 368
22. The right to equality has been provided in articles ..
Ans : 14 to 18
23. Article 32, ensures the right to :
Ans : Constitutional remedies
24. The right to exploitation prohibits:
Ans : Traffic in Human beings
25. Fundamental rights are :
Ans : Justifiable
26. The freedom of speech and expression does not include:
Ans: calling for “Bundh”
27.This article is applicable to both citizens and not citizens:
Ans : Article 14
28.Who admits a new state to the union of India:
Ans : Parliament
29. The constitution confers special powers for the enforcement of Fundamental rights on the :
Ans: supreme Court
30. Equal opportunity in public employment is guaranteed under the article :
Ans : 16
31. A person can move to supreme court directly for protection of Fundamental rights under the article :
Ans : 32
32. Article 21A on right to education was inserted by- constitutional amendment:
Ans : 86th
33. Right to education guaranteed under the article 21-A applied to the age group of :
Ans : 6 to 14yrs
34.The directive principles of state policy included in the constitution of india have been inspired by the constitution of :
Ans: Ireland
35. Fundamental duties were incorporated in the constitution in the year:
Ans: 1976
36. Fundamental duty demand:
Ans: To abide by the constitution
37. The strength of loksabha is:
Ans : 550
38. The strength of Rajyasabha is:
Ans : 250
39.Who convinces the joint sessions of the loksabha and rajyasabha:
Ans : The president
40. Which is described as “Knowledge House” ?
Ans: Rajyasabha
41.Which budget is placed first in the parliament house?
Ans: Railways
42.who is considered as the custodian of parliament?
Ans: The speaker
43.The comptroller and auditor general acts as friend, philosopher and guide of :
Ans: Public accounts committee
44. Memebership of legislative assembly are:
Ans: varies between 60 and 500
45. Bicameral means
Ans: Two houses in the state legislature
46. How many states in india have legislative councils?
Ans: 5
47. The executive power of the union government is vested in:
Ans: The president
48. To be eligible for election as president, a candidate must be:
Ans: 35 yrs age
49.The president holds office for a term of
Ans : 5 yrs
50. Impeachement proceedings against the president can be initiated in:
Ans: Either houses of the parliament
51.How many members are nominated to the rajyasabha by the president?
Ans: 12 Members
52.The vice-president is ex-officio chairman of :
Ans: Rajyasabha
53.The president of india is similar to:
Ans: Queen of England
54.Usually the prime minster of india is:
Ans: The leader of majority party in the loksabha
55.Which house of parliament is not subject to dissolution:
Ans: Rajyasabha
56.The president of india is bounded by the advice of:
Ans: The prime minister of india
57.Which is the following appointments is not made by the president:
Ans: Speaker of loksabha
58. Under which article can the president be impeached:
Ans: Article 61
59.Who occupied the president’s office twice(Two terms)..
Ans: Dr.Rajendra Prasad
60.Vice president of india draws salary as
Ans: chairman of Rajyasabha
61. Which article empowers the president to grant pardon?
Ans: Article 72
62. Which article empowers president to appoint the Prime Minister?
Ans: 74
63. Impeachment proceedings can be initiated against the president in either of house of parliament only if a resolution signed by _______ members of the house is moved….
Ans: 25% of the total
64.A political party is accord status of an opposition party in Loksabha if it captures at least:
Ans: 10% of the seats
65. The comptroller and auditor general is appointed by :
Ans: the president
66. The Attorney general of india is:
Ans: Highest legal officer of union government
67. Who is the head of the state?
Ans: The governor
68. Governor is responsible to:
Ans: The president
69. The retirement of the judges of the high court is:
Ans: 62 yrs
70. The maximum strength of the state legislative assembly is:
Ans: 500 members
71. The state cabinet is controlled by :
Ans: the Chief Minister
72. The minimum age to contest in the election of Legislative assembly:
Ans: 25 yrs
73. The chief minister is appointed by :
Ans: The governor
74. The governor of a state acts as:
Ans: The agent to the President
75.The Emoluments of the ministers in the state government are determined by:
Ans: Legislative assembly
76. There is no provision for the impeachment of :
Ans: The governor
77. The contingency fund of the state is operated by :
Ans: Governor
78. Which body can be abolished but not dissolved:
Ans: State legislative council
79. Which article of the constitution empowers the high court to issue writs of various kinds?
Ans: Article 226
80. The chief minister of state cannot take part in the election of president if he is:
Ans: A member of a legislative council of the state
81. Which article under the constitution authorizes the president to proclaim an emergency?
Ans: Article 352
82. When the emergency is declared the following fundamental rights is suspended,,
Ans: 19
83. How many types of emergencies are envisaged by the constitution?
Ans: 3
84. Proclamation of emergency issued approved by the parliament will be in force for the period of :
Ans: Six months
85. Brekdown of constitutional machinery in the state is popularly known as:
Ans: President’s rule
86. Which type of emergency declared the maximum number of times?”
Ans: Constitutional emergency
87. To declare National emergency, a decision must be taken by the
Ans: Cabinet
88. Financial emergency can be proclaimed under the article
Ans: 360
89. Presidnet made a proclamation of emergency on grounds of internal disturbances for the first time in:
Ans: 1975
90. Coalition government refers to:
Ans: a multi-party government
91. The chief justice of India is appointed by
Ans: The president
92. Judges of Supreme Court retires at the age of:
Ans: 65 yrs
93. Who can seek the advisory opinion of the Supreme Court:
Ans: President
94. Expand PIL
Ans: Public interest litigation
95. Which article provides that law lay down by Supreme Court is binding on all courts of india:
Ans: 141
96. Who interprets the Indian constitution?
Ans: The Supreme Court
97. Original jurisdiction of the supreme court of India relates to:
Ans: Disputes between states and union
98. In which case did Supreme Court restore the primacy of Fundamental rights over directive princiaples of state policy:
Ans: Minerva Mills case
99. Who has power to establish common high court for two or more states and union territories:
Ans: Parliament
100. Judicial review is exercised by the Supreme Court when a law violates
Ans: the constitution
101. The concept of secular state implies:
Ans: Neutrality of religion
102. The Indian constitution is recognized as
Ans: Federal in form and unitary in spirit
103. What is the ultimate source of political power (authority) in India?
Ans: People
104. By what procedure a new state is formed?
Ans: Constitutional amendment
105. Article 356 of the constitution of India Provides for
Ans: Proclamation of president rule in the state
106. How many subjects are there in the central, state and concurrent list?
Ans: 97,66 and 47
107. The concept of concurrent list is borrowed from the constitution of :
Ans: Australia
108. Reservation of appointment can be made under the article:
Ans: 16(4)
109. Which commission recommended 27% reservations?
Ans: mandal commission
110. Reservation of seats for SC’s and ST’s in the Loksabha was initially for:
Ans: 20 yrs
111. The mandal commission was appointed in
Ans: 1978
112. According to marriage act of 1954, the age is fixed at_______________ years for men and _______ for women….
Ans: 21 and 18.
113. Concept of ‘Creamy layer”, propounded by Supreme Court with regard to reservations, refers
Ans: Economically better-off people

Part -II

1. When did the elections held for constituent assembly? Ans :1952

2. How many committees worked in drafting the Indian constitution?Ans : 22

3. Who was the chairman of drafting committee? Ans: Dr.Rajendra Prasad

4.       When India did have Independence? Ans : August 15, 1947

5.       When the constitution did came in to force? Ans: January 26, 1950

6.       How many Articles and schedules originally consisted in the Indian constitution? Ans: 395 Articles & 9 schedules

7.       How many Articles and schedules   consisting in the Indian constitution at present? Ans : 12 Schedules and 450 Articles

8.       How many fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian constitution to its citizens? Ans : 6

9.       Which Fundamental right abolished after the 42^nd constitutional amendment?Ans: Ans : Right to Property

10.    Fundamental rights are consists which part of the constitution? Ans : Part III

11.    Directive principles of state policy consist in which part of the Indian constitution? Ans: Part IV

12.     How much was the total Expenditure incurred in making of the constitution? Ans : 64 Crores

13.    Who is the present chairman of Rajya sabha? Ans :Hamid Ansari

14.    Who is the present speaker of Lok sabha? Dr. M . Meera Kumar

15.    What is the Age limit to become a Member of Lok sabha? Ans : 25 yrs

Section-B

1.       The concept of fundamental rights taken from______________________ Constitution. Ans : USA

2.       The Emergency provisions are taken from _________________________ constitution. Ans : Germany

3.       Who has the power to proclaim the Emergency in India_______________________. Ans : The President

4.       Who was the chairman of constituent Assembly________________________Ans :Dr. Rajendara Prasad

5.       What is the Present strength of member s in lok sabha____________. Ans :543

6.       How many resolution Passed in making of the Constitution________Ans:7635

7.       How much was the time period taken by the Drafting committee to complete the constitution_________________________Ans : 2 yrs 11 months & 17 days

8.       What is Republic___________________________________________________Ans : The ruler of the country is selected through elections..

9.       Who was the legal advisor of Constituent Assembly___________________Ans : B.N.Rao

10.    The fundamental right which was abolished after 42^nd Amendment of the Indian constitution_________________________Ans: Right to Property

11.    Fundamental rights are considered as _____________________ of the Indian constitution. Ans: Heart

12.    Directive principles are _________________ of Indian constitution.Ans: Novel feature

13.    Who was the last British Governor General ______________________addressed the Constituent Assembly? Ans: Lord Mountabattien

14.    Who was the First President of Independent India______________________________________Ans: Dr. Rajendara Prasad

15.    Who was the First Prime minister of independent India____________________________Ans: Pandit Jawahar lal Nehru

Section-C

1. Who was the Chairman of the Draft Committee of the Constituent Assembly—
(A) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
(B) K. M. Munshi
(C) Jagjivan Ram
(D) None of the above
2. When was the draft Constitution of India prepared by the Drafting Committee submitted to the President of the Constituent Assembly—
(A) 28th Feb. 1948
(B) 26th Feb. 1948
(C) 21st Feb. 1948
(D) 25th Feb. 1948
3. When was the Constitution of India adopted by the Constituent Assembly—
(A) 25th Nov. 1949
(B) 29th Nov. 1949
(C) 26th Nov. 1949
(D) 27th Nov. 1949
4. When were the election to the Constituent Assembly held—
(A) July 1946
(B) Aug. 1946
(C) Sep. 1946
(D) Oct. 1946

5. In the Parliament of India Upper House in known as—
(A) Lok Sabha
(B) Rajya Sabha
(C) Council of States
(D) None of the above

6. Who was the Prime Minister of India in the first Lok Sabha—
(A) Pandit Govind Ballabh Pant
(B) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(C) Abdul Kalam Azad
(D) C. D. Deshmukh
7. Who nominates 12 members in the Council of State—
(A) Chairman of Rajya Sabha
(B) Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha
(C) President of India
(D) Prime Minister of India
(D) Prime Minister of India
8. Members of Rajya Sabha are elected by which members—
(A) Lok Sabha
(B) Legislative Assembly
(C) Council of State
(D) Legislative Council
9. For a Election to Lok Sabha, each State shall be divided into—
(A) Constituencies
(B) Territorial Constituencies
(C) Union Constituencies
(D) State Constituencies

10. How many members are fixed for Lok Sabha—
(A) 501
(B) 551
(C) 530
(D) 506

11. In which Article of the Constitution of India, duration of House of Parliament has been mentioned—
(A) 83
(B) 84
(C) 85
(D) 88

12. Which House shall not be a subject for dissolution—
(A) Lok Sabha
(B) House of People
(C) Council of State
(D) State Legislature

13. After how many years, one-third of the members of the Rajya Sabha retire—
(A) 6 years
(B) 3 years
(C) 5 years
(D) 2 years

14. Under which Constitutional subject in operation, life of Lok Sabha can be extended by one year—
(A) Proclamation of Emergency
(B) Proclamation of President Rule in the State
(C) Proclamation of Amendment to the Constitution
(D) None of the above
15. What is the period of Lok Sabha—
(A) Four years
(B) Six years
(C) Five years
(D) Three years
16. Under whose advice, the President shall have the power of summoning, prorogation and dissolution—
(A) Home Minister
(B) Prime Minister
(C) Council of Ministers
(D) Parliamentary Affairs Ministers
17. During the absence of the Chairman, who runs the Rajya Sabha ?
(A) Deputy Chairman
(B) Prime Minister
(C) Home Minister
(D) Parliamentary Affairs Minister
18. Which two houses, can have a joint sitting—
(A) Legislative Assembly and Parliament
(B) Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
(C) Council of State and Legislative Council
(D) None of the above
19. Which Articles in the Indian Constitution represent emergency provisions—
(A) Article 348-354
(B) Article 352-360
(C) Article 359-361
(D) Article 368-380
20. Who has the power to declare that citizen has no right to move any court for the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part 3 of Fundamental Rights during the course of emergency—
(A) Executive
(B) President
(C) Governor
(D) Prime Minister

Business Cycle

The term business cycle (or economic cycle) refers to economy-wide fluctuations in production or economic activity over several months or years. These fluctuations occur around a long-term growth trend, and typically involve shifts over time between periods of relatively rapid economic growth (an expansion or boom), and periods of relative stagnation or decline (a contraction or recession).^[1]
Business cycles are usually measured by considering the growth rate of real gross domestic product. Despite being termed cycles, these fluctuations in economic activity do not follow a mechanical or predictable periodic pattern.

 The Business Cycle Phases

Investors who beat the market recognize that business cycle phases are the primary determinant of stock prices.

Business Cycle Phases

The business cycle phases define long-term pattern of changes in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) that  follows four basic stages: expansion, prosperity, contraction, and recession. After a recessionary phase, the expansionary phase starts again.
The business cycle phases are characterized by changing employment, industrial productivity, and interest rates. Stock analysts believe that stock prices lead the business cycle phases. This economic cycle provides the strategic framework for business activity and investing. Moreover, the business cycle phases affect employees, employers and investors.
For example:

• Expansion Phase: The economy is strong, people are employed and making money. Demand for goods -- food, consumer appliances, electronics, services -- increases to the point where it outstrips supply. This demand fuels a rise in prices, or inflation.
• Prosperity Phase: As prices increase, people ask for higher wages. Higher employment costs translate into higher prices for goods, fueling an upward spiral effect.
• Contraction Phase: When prices get too high, consumers and companies curtail their spending, as goods and services are too expensive. This decreases demand. When demand decreases, companies cut expenses that includes laying off workers, since they do not need to make as many goods or provide as much service.
• Recession Phase: Decreasing demand fuels declining prices, declining GDP, and rising unemployment. This means the economy is in a recession.
• Expansion Phase begins again: Lower prices eventually spurs demand. As demand picks up, people begin buying again, fueling the need for greater supply, expansion of credit, new jobs and a growing economy.

When the business cycle doesn't run as expected, it can have consequences that can be as disastrous as the Great Depression. That's why governments intervene to try to manage the economy. If it appears that inflation is rising too quickly, the Federal Reserve (the central bank of the U.S. charged with handling monetary policy) may decide to raise interest rates to curtail price increases. On the other hand, if the economy is performing poorly, the government may lower taxes to spur consumption and investment and the Federal Reserve may lower interest rates to reduce the cost of borrowing.
Interest rates and the yield curve play a very important role in determining economic activity, the phases of the business cycle and the performance of the stock market. Higher interest rates increase the costs to businesses and individuals. Companies must pay more to borrow money for capital investments or to fund daily business operations. Individuals pay more for mortgages, as well as other loans they may take out to purchase products. Higher interest rates also increase the demand for money to invest in bonds, competing for money to invest in the stock market.
The phases of the business cycle have implications for markets and investors. Broadly, a recession often corresponds with a sustained period of weak stock prices, or a bear market. And a healthy, expanding economy that keeps inflation from rising too quickly often corresponds with a bull market, or period of sustained market growth.

Sector Rotation

Fortunately, there are investment strategies for each phase of the business cycle. Sam Stovall's Sector Investing, 1996 states that different sectors are stronger at different business cycle phases. The table below describes this theoretical model showing the phases of the business cycle.

Phase: Consumer Expectations: Industrial Production: Interest Rates: Yield Curve:

Full Recession Reviving Bottoming Out Falling Normal

Early Recovery Rising Rising Bottoming Out Normal (Steep)

Full Recovery Declining Flat Rising Rapidly (Fed) Flattening Out

Early Recession Falling Sharply Falling Peaking Flat/Inverted

The graph below, courtesy of StockCharts.com, shows these relationships and the alignment of the key sectors as they respond to the business cycle. The stock market cycle tends to precede the business cycle by six months on average, as investors try to anticipate when the market will respond to changes in the economy. This means investors are more likely to beat the market, if they invest in the sectors that line up with the current and next phase of the business cycle.

Sector Rotation Model:

Legend:  Market Cycle
              Economic Cycle

As shown above the stock market is a leading indicator of the economic or phases of the business cycle. Since the market leads the economy, investors need to pay particular attention to the early signs of a change in each phase of the business cycle.

Many people believe that GDP is the primary indicator of the business cycle. The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) gives relatively low weight to GDP as a primary business cycle indicator, since the GDP is subject to frequent revisions after the fact. In addition, it is only reported on a quarterly basis. The NBER is the official organization that defines when the U.S. is in a recession and when it comes out of one.

The NBER relies on indicators that are reported monthly to identify the business cycle phases including:

• Employment, especially new unemployment claims;
• Personal income;
• Industrial production;
• Sales in key sectors such as housing, autos, durable goods and retail sales;
• Interest rates and the yield curve; and
• Commodity prices.

By following these indicators carefully, investors can anticipate when to expect changes in the business cycle. These indicators tend to change their trajectory over several months, giving investors ample time to identify a change in the trend. If you believe a change in the phase of the business cycle is underway then it is time to  close out sectors that will go out of favor and start new positions in sectors that will come into favor. This strategy will position you to beat the market using the phases of the business cycle as a guide.
Our stock market strategy begins with an understanding of where we are in the the business cycle. Assessing the business cycle phases is the first of five steps in our stock market strategy that we use to beat the market.

1. The Business Cycle Phases
2. Stock Market Trend Analysis
3. Stock Selection Guide
4. Disciplined Investing
5. Stock Portfolio Management

Our Premier Members are aware the business cycle phase the economy is operating. This insight provides a critical component we use to align our portfolio with the business sectors that will outperform the market in the coming months and years.
The next step on how to Beat the Market discusses how to identify the important trends in the market. Please read Stock Market Trends.